Can Sneezing Damage Hernia Repair?

What is a hernia?

A hernia occurs when tissues or organs bulge through a weak indicate in the wall of the belly (belly).

There are a number of different types of hernia, including:

Hiatus hernia — Role of the breadbasket pushes up into the chest through the opening in the diaphragm (the layer of muscle separating the stomach from the chest) where the oesophagus (food pipe) passes through. It is sometimes called a hiatial hernia.
Inguinal hernia — The bowel or other abdominal tissue pushes through the abdominal wall in the lower part of the abdomen, causing a lump in the groin. Inguinal hernias are more common in men.
Umbilical hernia — The bowel or abdominal tissue pushes through the abdominal wall virtually the belly button (naval). Umbilical hernias are more common in newborns.
Incisional hernia — The bowel or other abdominal tissue pushes through the abdominal wall where it'south been made weak by surgery or trauma.
Femoral hernia — The bowel or other abdominal tissue pushes through the abdominal wall near where the leg joins the body. Femoral hernias are more common in women.
Epigastric hernias — The abdominal fat pushes through the abdominal wall between the omphalos and beneath the rib muzzle.

What causes a hernia?

Some hernias are there at birth. Some occur after surgery.

Other times, weaknesses develop in the muscles of the abdomen over time and eventually 'give out', causing a hernia.

Hernias are generally more mutual in people whose abdomens are under more force per unit area than usual. This includes people who practice a lot of heavy lifting, who are obese, pregnant, take a chronic cough, constipation, sneezing or diarrhoea, or people who smoke.

What are the symptoms of a hernia?

The symptoms of a hernia depend on the size of the hernia and where it is. Typical symptoms include:

a bulge or lump in the groin or abdomen
pain, burning, aching, heaviness or discomfort, especially when coughing, straining or lifting
a pulling sensation around the lump or bulge

Some people may feel shooting hernia pain, airsickness, and constipation. Some hernias may non crusade any symptoms at all.

If you lot have a hiatus hernia in your stomach, y'all may likewise feel:

heartburn
reflux
pain in the chest or breadbasket
difficulty swallowing, or bringing food or drink back up into your mouth

If you lot accept an inguinal hernia in your groin, you lot may likewise experience:

weakness or pressure in your groin
swelling and pain around the testicles

In babies and children, an inguinal hernia is commonly painless, soft and shine. Information technology may disappear or get smaller when the child is lying flat, and larger and more noticeable when they are crying, coughing or straining.

If your child has an umbilical hernia, they volition accept a soft lump under the skin effectually their belly push. It volition be more than visible when they are cough or straining.

When should I see my doctor?

If you lot or your child have hurting or whatsoever other signs of a hernia, see your doctor. Inguinal hernias in children rarely go away by themselves and will most likely demand surgery.

Seek emergency medical attending if you or your kid take:

a bulge you can't push dorsum in
a bulge that becomes soft
a bulge that looks red, imperial or nighttime
in a child, a burl that doesn't change size when they are crying
redness and tenderness at the site
fever
nausea
vomiting
sudden abdominal pain that speedily gets worse
bloating
inability to open the bowels or pass wind

How is a hernia diagnosed?

If your doctor thinks you may have a hernia, they will examine you. Your physician may inquire you to cough, strain or stand while pressing on the hernia. You may also be asked to accept an ultrasound, computed tomography (CT scan) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) — but scans aren't necessary for anybody.

How is a hernia treated?

Depending on the type of hernia, if it is small, or if it non causing whatsoever problems, then you and your md may decide to wait and see what happens.

Just if the hernia is very big, or if it's trapped and can't be pushed back, and yous are in serious pain, you may need emergency surgery.

Hiatus hernia treatment

If you have a hiatus (stomach) hernia, your physician may recommend antacid medicines to reduce heartburn and reflux and other medicines to cease your stomach making acrid.

Y'all tin also salve your symptoms by:

avoiding foods and drinks that irritate the stomach, like caffeine, chocolate, fatty foods and alcohol
quitting smoking
eating smaller, more frequent meals
avoiding anything that puts pressure on the stomach, like bending, stooping, intestinal exercises, tight belts, and girdles
losing weight if you need to

Illustration showing an hiatus hernia. — In a hitatus hernia, a function of the stomach pushes up through a hole and ends upwards in the lower part of the chest.

Sometimes hiatus hernias need surgery, if medicines tin't ease the symptoms or if you develop complications.

Inguinal hernia treatment

If yous have an inguinal (groin) hernia, even if you don't have symptoms, surgery is still unremarkably recommended as there is a run a risk of developing significant symptoms or complications.

There are 2 types of surgery:

open surgery, where the surgeon makes a cut near the hernia to repair it with stitches. They may lay down a slice of mesh to aid strengthen the surface area.
laparoscopic, where the surgeon makes several small cuts in the abdominal wall. Long tools and a small camera (laparoscope) are inserted into the cuts and the images aid guide the surgeon to repair the abdominal wall with stitches or a mesh implant placed from the inside. The operations may exist called 'laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair' (totally extraperitoneal, or TEP), where the hole is sealed from outside the peritoneum (the thin membrane that covers the organs in the belly) or 'laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair' (transabdominal pre-peritoneal, or TAPP), where the surgeon enters the peritoneum and places the mesh inside over the hernia.

If surgery is risky because you lot are elderly or have other medical problems, your md may make up one's mind it'due south all-time to watch and wait. For more than information, speak to your dr. or visit the Choosing Wisely Australia website.

Umbilical hernia handling

Umbilical hernias often close naturally when a kid is 2 to v years old. If information technology hasn't closed by this time, or if the hernia is very large, then surgery is usually needed.

Incisional hernia repair

If you lot have an incisional hernia subsequently surgery, you will probably demand surgery. The hernia won't get amend past itself. The operation is done laparoscopically and mesh will exist used to cover the weak spot.

Femoral hernia repair

If y'all have a femoral hernia low downward in the groin, surgery is the only way to fix it. The operation involves cut virtually the lump to remove the hernia and using stitches or mesh to permit only enough space for the femoral avenue and vein.

Can a hernia be prevented?

Some people are built-in with weaker muscles that make hernias more than probable. Only you can reduce your chances of a hernia past:

losing weight if you are overweight or obese
quitting smokingv
limiting booze
using proper lifting techniques to avert straining

Complications of a hernia

Occasionally, tissue from inside the abdomen gets trapped in the hernia. Unremarkably, the tissue can be gently pushed back into the abdomen. But if it cannot, it is a medical emergency. This is called a strangulated hernia. If the hernia is trapped and y'all or your child are in serious hurting, seek emergency medical attending.

A hiatus hernia can atomic number 82 to bad reflux. In the long term, this can damage the oesophagus and make it difficult to swallow.

Source: https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/hernias

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